
The fears that keep us working harder than we need to

As ways of getting things done, these tactics vary in their ability to achieve a desired outcome. One of the least successful is to complain around the water-cooler (or at home to our husband or wife): talking about what someone should have done or should do in future rarely leads to a change of behaviour on the part of the person concerned. More successful is the option of giving an order – at least in the short term. Over time, though, the use of a coercive style of leadership can have a corrosive impact on how people feel at work. (If you haven’t already read it, read Daniel Goleman’s article Leadership That Gets Results for an introduction to research in this area.)
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Want your family to function effectively? |
Once again, the Harvard Business Review’s Morning Advantage has come up trumps, highlighting a blog posting which highlights a growing trend in taking successful approaches from the workplace and applying them at home. HBR’s Dana Rousmaniere writes:
Take Your Work Solutions Home
Fed up with the chaos that was dominating their household, the Starr family of Hidden Springs, Idaho, decided to start running their family like a business. They turned to a program called agile development, a system of group dynamics where workers are organized into small teams, and hold daily progress sessions and weekly reviews. According to The Wall Street Journal’s Saturday Essay Family Inc, it’s a growing trend among a new generation of parents who are taking workplace solutions — like accountability checklists, branding sessions, mission statements, core values statements, and conflict resolution techniques — home to their families.
Some of the take-home advice? 1.) The most effective teams (and families) aren’t dominated by a single top-down leader; all members must contribute. 2.) Employees (and children) are more self-motivated when they can set weekly goals, plan their own time, and evaluate their own work. 3.) You need to build flexibility into a business, or a family. You can’t anticipate every problem, so you need systems that allow you to adapt to change quickly. Accountability, one of the central tenets of agile development, is also key, making “information radiators” — large, public boards where people mark their progress — essential.
The article is adapted from a book, The Secrets of Happy Families: Improve Your Mornings, Rethink Family Dinner, Fight Smarter, Go Out and Play, and Much More, by Bruce Feiler. Due out next week, it looks like a great read.
Even if you don’t have children at home with all their attendant challenges, Feiler’s blog posting makes for interesting reading. To what extent, for example, are you familiar with ‘agile’ practices and the benefits that they bring in the workplace? Equally, Feiler’s posting highlights an interesting trend away from top-down leadership towards greater involvement of people throughout the organisational hierarchy. I have mentioned before the work of Alfie Kohn and Daniel Pink – or at least, the way they have summarised research which suggests that the use of extrinsic punishment and rewards to motivate staff has the opposite of its desired effect. Feiler’s article provides practical alternatives and describes how these worked in one family in practice.
I’d be interested to learn how you respond to Feiler’s article and, if you go on to read it, to his book. What do you take from his article that you can apply in your work or family life?
In the aftermath of World War II, Viktor E. Frankl, psychologist, wrote of his experiences in the concentration camps. His little book was published in Austria under the title Ein Psycholog Erlebt Das Konzentrationslager (“A psychologist experiences the concentration camp”) and subsequently, in English as Man’s Search for Meaning. If you haven’t read it yet, you’re not too late. It’s still readily available.
I was reminded of it recently when my friend Kenny Tranquille sent me a link to a six-minute clip of Dan Ariely, author of The Upside of Irrationality: The Unexpected Benefits of Defying Logic at Work and at Home. In the clip, entitled The Meaning of Labor, Ariely describes the disappointment of a young man who has worked for three weeks to prepare documentation for a merger, only to be told, simply, that the merger is off.
Ariely goes on to describe an intriguing experiment which explores people’s motivation and productivity at work. As Ariely himself highlights, the tasks allocated are not deeply imbued with meaning – the subjects are using Lego to build small figures. Even so, small changes in the conditions of the experiment which reduce meaning for participants, have a big impact on both motivation and behaviour.
Ariely points to two conclusions. Firstly, he says, we need to think about how to create more meaning at work. Like Frankl, Ariely recognises that people are naturally inclined to make meaning. Secondly, he suggests we need to take care not to choke this tendency by our activities as leaders. He finishes his brief talk with some suggestions for the manager of his young friend.
It’s an intriguing clip – no doubt an invitation to buy his book. Just six minutes long, it’s worth watching and reflecting on before getting down to the business of the day. Perhaps a question to reflect on after watching is this: to what extent, as a line manager, are you invested in helping your staff to find meaning in their work?
On Sunday, I took a moment to reflect on Armistice Day, drawing on the above extract from Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front. Today, I am taking a few moments to translate the passage above for the family:
In case you haven’t already signed up to Harvard Business Review’s Morning Advantage, here’s another sign they have come up trumps again – a link to an article on the role played by compassion by leaders in boosting productivity and business results. Morning Advantage puts it this way:
What separates great companies from the rest of herd is the compassion of its leaders, according to one new study detailed by Knowledge@Australian School of Business. Many of us will readily agree that the best managers tend to be great motivators and promoters of success. But compassion may have a bigger impact than we think. In the 77 organizations studied, researchers saw a direct relationship between compassion and productivity — and profits.
But being compassionate doesn’t mean avoiding difficult situations. As leadership expert Geoff Aigner found in his own research, the biggest road block managers must overcome is their reluctance to engage in tough conversations for fear of being unkind. This is a common mistake, confusing compassion with kindness, says Aigner. Leaders who truly care about the development and growth of their employees are able to push through the awkwardness, and tell it straight.
I was surprised by the definitions of compassion offered by two thought leaders in the area and still, it does not surprise me that research supports the idea that compassion boosts productivity. As a student of Marshall Rosenberg’s Nonviolent (or Compassionate) Communication my own experience is that compassion is an essential ingredient in forging strong relationships and provides a basis for some of the essentials of leadership, including effective coaching and the kind of ‘tough’ conversations to which Morning Adantage refers. For this reason, I regularly reference Rosenberg’s teachings here on my blog.
But back to the article I mentioned above, do read it – whether you have doubts about such a claim or want to learn more.
There is one claim made in the article which challenges my thinking – it certainly merits further investigation. The writer says:
A surprising outcome of Boedker’s research is the finding that, out of four levels of leadership from the executive level through middle management to frontline managers, it’s the lowest level of leaders that drives a company’s profitability. Perhaps, Boedker surmises, this is because frontline managers are more customer-facing than others and therefore have a lot more impact.
I wonder, what’s the truth of this assertion…
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From http://signsoflife.goose24.org/?sign=124 |
When I learned last month of the death of Stephen Covey, author of the seminal book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, I committed to re-read his book and to write a posting about each of his seven habits. Returning to his book I am reminded of chocolate mousse – it’s so rich you don’t want to eat too much at a time. So, a month after I wrote about his first habit, I am taking a few moments to write about his second.
Covey’s first habit, “be proactive”, is about taking responsibility for our own lives. His second habit, “start with the end in mind” is about writing the script we want to follow. As Covey puts it in this chapter:
“Begin with the end in mind” is based on the principle that all things are created twice. There’s a mental or first creation, and a physical or second creation to all things”
and later:
And if I do this, day after day my behaviour will change. Instead of living out of scripts given to me by my own parents or by society or by genetics or my environment, I will be living out of the script I have written from my own self-selected value system.
Writing as a coach, it’s easy to say that much of Covey’s material in this chapter has been written about elsewhere. NLP offers a model for outcome-oriented rather than problem-oriented thinking, for example. The film and book The Secret have been immensely popular amongst seekers of wisdom and new insights. Laura Whitworth and colleagues in their splendid introduction to coaching, Coactive Coaching, offer exercises which are the embodiment of Covey’s second habit and which have become familiar to coaches and their clients around the world. Indeed, Covey himself readily acknowledges his own sources throughout the book. To recognise the fact that ideas in this chapter can also be found elsewhere takes nothing away from Covey, who has organised core ideas in a way which illuminates them.
He begins by inviting readers to write the eulogy they would like to have read at their funeral – this really is beginning with the end in mind. When we engage deeply with this exercise, it provides a powerful context for our decisions and our actions. This is not just about manifesting the physical possessions we desire: it’s about understanding the overall context of our lives and the role individual desires have in this context. It seems unlikely, for example, that a new Mercedes will feature in our self-written eulogy. The love of friends and family, the contribution we made through our work – these are amongst the things that we may look back on.
Covey also invites people to create a personal mission statement, a statement of our vision and values and how we intend to enact these in practice in the different roles we hold in our life. He contrasts a life lived in line with this level of personal clarity with one which is guided by centres outside ourselves – the young person for whom friendship is so important that s/he will do nothing that might offend, the executive whose commitment to work is such that s/he constantly prioritises work over family, even the person whose focus is on some kind of enemy. As I write, I do so with compassion, recognising how much the shift from such external centres to operating from a set of clearly defined personal values is a journey in itself. (I shared my values on this blog in 2009, and though I revisit them periodically, they have not changed much in the interim).
Given Covey’s recognition that “all things are created twice”, it’s not surprising that he dedicates space in this chapter to visualisation and to affirmations as the means by which we can increase the quality of our first creation. He also recognises the importance, in the context of both family and organisations, of participation in creating a mission, vision and values which have the full commitment of everyone involved in delivering them.
Covey’s ideas in this chapter are highly practical – writing your own eulogy, writing a personal statement of mission, vision and values, involving members of your family or organisation in writing a shared mission statement. I could say more about each exercise in turn but this seems to be gilding the lily: for now I invite you, simply, to try at least one of these exercises and to let me know – how did you get on?
It’s two years since my dear friend, Len Williamson, recommended a book I had not yet heard of – Edmund de Waal’s The Hare With Amber Eyes. Of course, having been recommended to read it, I started to notice the window displays of this book, the winner of the 2012 Costa Biography Award.
My first response was to dip into the book and, discovering the book’s focus on a set of Japanese netsuke (tiny carved figures that would sit easily in the palm of your hand), I think immediately of my brother Alan, whose years of working with a Japanese company have made him a willing student of Japanese culture and language. So, 18 months or more before reading it myself, I gave it to Alan as a gift. More recently, I bought my own copy and started to read it, discovering far more than I had imagined in this biography of de Waal’s family, mediated via the journey of the netsuke through generations of the Ephrussi family.
Early in the book I am transported into familiar territory – it was Charles Ephrussi who first assembled the collection of netsuke in Paris in the second half of the 19th century. Charles lived amongst artists and writers with whom I am familiar via my own studies so that I am transported back to the literature I loved so much in my late teens and early twenties. I am intrigued to learn that Charles was one of two men who were the model for the book’s subject, Charles Swann. There is something about this period of the netsuke’s lives that brings to life in a very vivid way the era in which Proust was writing, anchoring his work amongst the work of other writers and artists.
When the netsuke move to Vienna – as a wedding gift to Charles’s cousin Viktor and his wife – I am similarly transported into the territory of my studies, gaining new insights into the work of Robert Musil, Arthur Schnitzler and other contemporary writers. De Waal writes of the opulent lives of his forbears in ways which remind me of his own life as one of the world’s leading ceramic artists – there is something about his use of language which renders it almost physical, as if one were feeling his words in one’s hands. As well as writing an intimate portrait and memoire of his family, De Waal captures the sweep of history as it unfolds.
And it does unfold, into the territory of twentieth century anti-Semitism and warfare. I did not expect to make this journey, though it makes perfect sense when I do – how could it be otherwise for de Waal’s Jewish ancestors? Charles’ cousin Viktor invests heavily in the war effort in World War I, only to have his life and fortunes over-turned in the horrifying events of World War II. Suddenly I am in a reading territory which has become familiar to me (through such books as Katrin Himmler’s The Himmler Brothers and Christopher Browning’s Ordinary Men) only this time, I am seeing it through the eyes of those who were the target of Nazi violence and anti-Semitism.
There are moments throughout the book when de Waal’s reflections of his own experience of researching his family history remind me of the great therapist and author, Irvin Yalom, who has the same ability to be present both to the subject of his writing and to his own response to those things – people, events etc. – he writes about. It is these moments that help me to connect with de Waal and to connect the history I have so often read about elsewhere with real people whose lives have been so materially altered by historic events.
If you want some thriller to keep you company on the beach this book is definitely not for you. For me it was a rare and unforgettable read.
News has been reaching me from various sources of the death of Stephen Covey on Monday, aged 79. He died as a result of complications following a bicycle accident in April and with his family around him. As much as I feel sad about those complications I can’t help thinking that Covey’s was a good way to go. If you’re still cycling-fit as you approach 80 and have the love of your family, well, it’s not a bad life – or death.
Covey is most famous for his book The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People. First published in 1989, Covey’s book has provided guidance for conscious living which has had its application in the workplace and at home. USA Today, in a blog posting about Covey, highlighted something I didn’t know – or had forgotten – about the origins of Covey’s work:
Covey said he developed the 7 Habits after studying hundreds of books and essays on success written since 1776. He noticed that the literature of the 20th century was dominated by gimmicks or “social Band-Aids” to improve the personality.
In contrast, the literature of the first 150 years — in the writings of Abraham Lincoln and Benjamin Franklin, for example — was based on character and principles such as integrity, courage and patience.
Covey said of his Seven Habits:
“(Live by) your own set of principles, your sense of vision of what your life is about. Maybe in a few months or year and a half, two years, you’ll be in an altogether different world.”
I make a note to revisit this book which has had so much influence across the world – selling over 20 million copies in 38 languages since it was first published. (As I write I am setting myself the challenge of writing a blog posting on each of the seven habits in the course of the next three weeks). For now, though, I just want to take a moment to honour the man. As much as I feel for his family at the time of his death, my own heart is filled with gratitude for the gifts he shared with the world during his life.